Talent Mash

Temporal lobe epilepsy is a kind of partial seizure. The known causes for the disorder are meningitis and head injury. This type of seizure occurs in the deeper parts of the temporal lobe that handle emotions and memory aspects.

This kind of epilepsy is categorized as either simple or complex partial seizures. In simple partial seizures, the patient is aware of the self and the environment but experiences other symptoms involving, for example, the olfactory senses. On the other hand, patients with complex partial seizures become disabled. They become unaware of others and appear to be staring into space. Often, these patients are also seen performing repetitive movements such as licking lips, scratching and so on. They also tend to have sudden bouts of anger or agitation.

It is to be understood that experiences of temporal lobe seizures differ in intensity from person to person. Hence, explanation of the symptoms may not always be correct or possible. Patients run through a gamut of emotions and experiences lasting from a few seconds to a few minutes. These are called ‘auras’.

Magnetic resource imaging (MRI) is the most effective method for identifying lesions in the temporal lobe. It improves the success rate for surgeries to a great extent. EEG has not proved a useful technique to diagnose this type of epilepsy.

Temporal lobe epilepsy is treated with the anti-seizure drugs prescribed for other epilepsy types. These help in complete or near complete control of seizure attacks.

Surgery and Vagus Nerve Stimulation are also viable alternative epilepsy therapies.

Everyone want to be exclusive, all of us want to be different. We want to be special and we do know that being special needs a lot of effort. For instance, you want to make your ride exclusive; it is not easy. You need an expert with the expertise and experienced in the relative field to have it comes true. The problem will likely to be encountered whenever you want to modify a ride into an exclusive ride is usually comes to the idea; the idea about how you want your ride to be. It is not just that, in order to be exclusive car, you need to get different and original idea. You can’t be exclusive if you have the same modification with your neighbor.

The hardest parts to get original modification are the rims and tires. This is due to the fact that rims and tires are the most modified part in car. Most all of us will likely modify the tire before we start another car modification. That is however, not a dead end. It is a problem with the easiest solution. To get an exclusive ride you just need to draw your own unique tire so the workshop can built them for you. There is always the way to get an exclusive ride, all you need is just an effort for it.

Cancerous cells are multiplying in your body and invading your vital organs. They sap your body of energy and weaken you. The final episode is certain — you may die.

You have to fight these cancerous cells. It is important at the onset to realise that this is your body and it is your war. You have to fight this war yourself. Others can advise you, but you are not going to win if you do not have the determination to help yourself. A man who gives up hope and resigns his destiny to fate cannot win any war!

Encouragement from family members and friends is also very helpful. But, also remember too many cooks, spoil the broth. Friends and relatives can be well-meaning when they talk, but some can be extremely insensitive and destructive. Take for example, the following episode.

Ben had liver cancer and his doctor said he had only two months to live. One voluntary organisation, concerned with helping the terminally ill, called to help. While trying to be helpful, the representative said: “Oh, this is such a serious case. Ben has only one month to live.” Judge for yourself what such an insensitive comment did to the patient, or his loved ones. So, relatives and friends, when you visit cancer patients, be very careful about what you say. Your words can be damaging. If you feel ill-at-ease or uncomfortable at offering sympathetic words or advice, it is better not to visit them. If you really have to visit them, learn to keep your mouth shut!

At CA Care we have been helping cancer patients “fight” their cancer war. We wish to impress upon patients that there is still hope, even when the doctors gave up on you. You are not doomed yet. There is no hurry to pick up your spade and dig your grave. Fight on!

This is our suggestion for your battle plan: fight cancer the Cancer Care Therapy way.

1. Give your total commitment to fight the disease

2. Seek proper medical advice

3. Take herbs

4. Eat rightly

5. Lead a stress-free life

When we think of war, what comes uppermost to our mind is Vietnam. Mighty America went to the battlefield with the most sophisticated gadgets and weapons of war. Might, terror, money and brain went into the fight to win. The Vietnamese had primitive weaponry and burrowed themselves into the ground to avoid the mighty Americans. The world knows, the Vietnamese won the war!

Perhaps fighting cancer is like the above war? Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy etc. are advanced, mighty fire power. Cancer cells are just tiny enemies floating and circulating around in the blood stream that later attach themselves to certain tissues of the body. Can these awesome treatments destroy all cancerous cells yet at the same time not destroy the host i.e., you and your living systems?

In our strategy to fight cancer, while we advise you to seek the assistance of modern medicine, we also feel you should benefit from the traditional methods of healing. We think you should help your body to build or rebuild a strong immune system. Let your own body’s defence system destroy or fight the cancerous cells. Fight the war from within! The mighty, sophisticated weaponry of modern medicine may not be totally effective!

Chronic back pain is a problem than many people suffer from every day. This can be particularly true if you work in a position where you are required to do hard labor, specifically lifting. However, this is not always the case. You can experience back pain from sitting long periods of time at a desk or computer. It can be very painful and even cause problems getting around throughout the day. Poor posture can also be a cause. Often the pain cannot be alleviated no matter how you position your body. You sit or lay or stand and no matter what, the pain is there. Luckily there are several ways to deal with this pain safely and effectively.

One of the first ways to deal with back pain is to see a massage therapist. These people are able to work the muscles in the back in such a way that the tension that is built up in them is released and the pain is alleviated. Massage therapists have specialized training and understand how the body’s muscles work. They are often able to isolate specific muscle groups where the pain is located and target their massage there.

Another thing to consider is your sleeping arrangement. Many times problems with ones back can be associated with such things as a mattress that is too hard or soft. Consider changing your mattress if this is the case. There are several mattresses available that can be adjusted to the level of firmness needed as well. Consider the pillow you are using and try different sleeping positions and see how they affect you the next day.

There is also the option of visiting a chiropractor. They can perform x-rays and see if there is a more serious problem at work. They practice a very specialized form of medicine and are adept at dealing with back pain.

If none of these options work, then you should consider seeing your primary care physician. He or she can prescribe drugs that can help numb the pain. There is also the option of surgery if a more serious problem exists. This should only be used in extreme measures. Often surgery is unavoidable but consider carefully because it can have long term effects on the body. Be sure to inform your doctor of all steps you may have taken to relieve your back pain so that he can make an accurate diagnosis.

With the rising costs of healthcare and the unwanted side-effects of traditional medications, many cancer sufferers are turning to alternative medicine as a cancer treatment. Are they worthwhile? Although such treatments haven’t undergone the rigorous testing of traditional medications, their advocates claim that they’re useful. Here are some of the most common types of alternative medicine treatments for cancer:

1. Detoxification

Several cancer patients, who choose alternative cancer treatments, use detoxification as part of their regime. Detoxification can include several types of treatments, including colon cleansing, fasting, heat therapy, herbal methods, and water therapy.

Modern life constantly bombards our bodies and minds with toxins. This happens through the air we breathe, the foods and beverages we consume, and so on. These basic yet effective detoxification methods help to cleanse your body of those unwanted toxins.

2. Nutritional Therapy

There are two basic approaches have become popular. One method is a universal approach that helps to improve the patient’s strength and health. This includes sticking to that old “Food Pyramid” that we learned in elementary school, using a raw foods diet (such as juicing), and so on. While diet fads come and go, research continues to prove that fresh, organic food best feeds your body the fuel that it needs to function effectively.

Another type of nutritional therapy uses a special blend of nutrients to meet the nutritional needs of the patient. For instance, cancer patients may need special quantities of amino acids, carbohydrates, or glucose in their diets. A dietician and other health experts will have the expertise to determine the nutritional needs for individual cancer patients.

Researchers have discovered that certain foods are particularly useful when battling cancer. Here are some of them:

avocados: contains a powerful antioxidant broccoli: breast and prostate cancer cabbage: breast and prostate cancer carrots: high in beta carotene/effective for several types of cancer cauliflower: breast cancer chili peppers: may neutralize particular substances that cause cancer figs: could shrink tumors garlic: may boost immune cells that battle cancer grapes (red): contain powerful antioxidants grapefruit: may be effective against breast cancer kale: may prevent the conversion of lesions into cancerous cells mushrooms: some types may battle cancer raspberries: may contain vitamins and minerals that prevent cancer tomatoes: contain various antioxidants
3. Psychology/Psychotherapy

Some cancer experts believe that a traumatic experience can cause cancer to appear in a person one or two years following the event. Certain methods included in this type of cancer treatment include counseling, meditation, music, psychotherapy, relaxation techniques, stress reduction, and support groups.

The goal of using these techniques is to boost the cancer patient’s immune system. Another common method is biofeedback. This is a method in which people control particular physical processes that usually happen involuntarily– in order to enhance their health. In this case, the cancer patient visualizes the body’s immune cells striking the cancer cells.

If you are suffering from cancer, you can battle back by using some basic alternative treatments. As always-consult your doctor beforehand!

Cerebrovascular accident is the medical term for an event more commonly known as “stroke” and for the purpose of this assignment the word “stroke” will be used. A stroke is a sudden event affecting the blood vessels of the brain. Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States and the second leading cause of death in the world (Lopez et al, 2001).

With treatment, stroke prevention and therapy are advancing all the time. The outlook for those who suffer ischemic or subarachnoid episodes continues to improve. The key to all success where stroke is concerned is early diagnosis and subsequent treatment. An individual is more at risk of suffering a stroke if they have:

Suffered a stroke previously Suffered a myocardial infarction Had a transient ischemic attack (mini-stroke) Have an artificial heart valve Suffer uncontrolled hypertension Are diabetic Are known to have raised cholesterol Have a family history of strokes

Any one or combination of the above can provide predisposing factors for having a stroke. Patients who suffer these types of risk factors or conditions are encouraged to carry on them some form of identification of the fact, so that in the event of a medical emergency or unexpected hospital admission physicians may be able to determine a diagnosis or cause for the problem more quickly. There are several different types of stroke all with different causes and presenting symptoms, this learning material focuses on the three main types of stroke:

Ischemic Stroke Ischemic stroke is known to be the most common type accounting for around 80% of all strokes. It is caused by a clot or other blockage within an artery leading to the brain (Stroke Center, date unknown). The presenting symptoms of an ischemic stroke include:

Headache Muscle weakness Paralysis Reduced/lost sensation on one side of the body Dysphasia ( difficulty speaking) Confusion/incoherence Visual disturbance Loss of co-ordination and balance Dizziness

Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and results of physical examination, imaging tests and blood tests (Merck Manuals, 2007). There is no blood test or electrocardiogram (ECG) specific for stroke, and CT scans may be entirely normal for up to six hours after acute onset of stroke. Thus the neurologist becomes an irreplaceable member of the team to acutely evaluate stroke patients (Llinas, 2006). A condition called “atherosclerosis” is commonly the cause of the blockage of the blood vessel, and atherosclerosis pertains to fatty deposits that accumulate on the walls of the vessels causing a disruption or total blockage to the much needed blood supply to the brain. These fatty deposits can cause two types of obstruction:

Cerebral thrombosis – this refers to a thrombus (blood clot) that develops at the clogged part of the vessel.

Cerebral embolism – this refers generally to a blood clot that forms at another location in the circulatory system, usually the heart and large arteries of the upper chest and neck. A portion of the blood clot breaks loose, enters the bloodstream and travels through the brains blood vessels until it reaches vessels too small to let it pass. A second important cause of embolism is an irregular heartbeat, known as atrial fibrillation. It creates conditions where clots can form in the heart, dislodge and travel to the brain. (American Stroke Association, 2008) Rapid intervention is required to provide optimal treatment for the patient who has suffered an acute ischemic stroke. Early assessment and rapid intervention are crucial to avoid the risk of permanent disability or at worse death. The use of rapid assessment and early intervention is essential in all presenting cases. Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator has been labeled for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, but it must be given within three hours of stroke onset. However, fibrinolytic therapy can be given safely to only a fraction of patients with acute stroke, and more broadly applicable therapies are needed. Recent evidence does not support the routine use of heparin in patients with acute stroke, and early use of aspirin offers only modest benefit (Benavente and Hart, 1999). The use of Aspirin to treat those who have had an ischemic stroke is not uncommon, Aspirin works in such a way as to thin the blood to sufficient levels to avoid the formation of blood clots that can cause such events.

Intra-cerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) An intra-cerebral hemorrhage is one of two types of hemorrhagic stroke and is a type of stroke caused by the sudden rupture of an artery within the brain. Blood is then released into the brain, compressing brain structures (Stroke Center, date unknown). The most common cause of intra-cerebral hemorrhage is hypertension. Difficulties arise when individuals experience high blood pressure without knowledge of the fact, as more often than not hypertension does not display any adverse symptoms. There are some less common causes of intra-cerebral hemorrhage and these include:

Trauma (particularly head injury) Infection (systemic) Abnormalities with individual blood vessels Blood clotting disorders

Oral anticoagulation is another factor that contributes to the increasing incidence of intra-cerebral hemorrhage. As the population continues to age, the number of indications for long-term anticoagulation continue to increase (Ansell et al, 2001). Because of the high mortality rate of patients who have suffered intra-cerebral hemorrhage often is the case that anticoagulation therapy is avoided due to possible undesirable effects such as ICH. Intra-cerebral hemorrhages tend to begin abruptly and the patient will usually experience a severe headache. Other presenting symptoms may also be:

Weakness, paralysis or loss of sensation usually affecting one side of the body only. Slurred speech Confusion or altered level of comprehension Loss of consciousness

Brain CT or MRI scan is the popular diagnostic tool in the case of ICH. Results are quick and conclusive therefore allowing management of the problem to begin without delay. At this current time there is no FDA approved treatment for intra-cerebral hemorrhage, unlike other types of stroke. Treatment depends on the location, cause, and extent of the hemorrhage. Surgery may be needed, especially if there is bleeding in the cerebellum. Surgery may also be performed to repair or remove structures causing the bleed such as a cerebral aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation (Dr Koop, 2006). The prognosis for intra-cerebral hemorrhage is more likely to be fatal than that of ischemic stroke. Bleeding is usually more severe and damage to the brain profound. Where death does not occur, there is nearly always depleted brain function.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) A subarachnoid hemorrhage is also a type of stroke caused by the sudden rupture of an artery. This type of stroke is the second type of “hemorrhagic stroke”. A subarachnoid hemorrhage differs slightly from an intracerebral hemorrhage in that the location of the rupture leads to blood filling the space surrounding the brain rather than inside of it (Stroke Center, date unknown). The most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage is abnormalities in the blood arteries at the base of the brain. These are called “aneurysms”. The arteries swell and become weak they can then rupture causing the hemorrhage to occur. Known risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage include:

Smoking Putative factors such as: increasing age, female gender, black race, alcohol abuse, binge drinking. Increased risk with high body mass index has been suggested.

And causative factors include:

Trauma Vascular malformations of the brain or spinal cord Blood dyscrasias Less commonly reported: tumors, infection and vasculopathies.

(Neuroland, date unknown)

When an intracranial aneurysm ruptures into the subarachnoid compartment, it causes a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). An estimated 10% of SAH cases result in sudden death due to the rapid and marked increases in intracranial pressure caused by the ruptured aneurysm (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2006). Rapid diagnosis is essential in all cases of SAH, as treatment is possible even if the outcome is not always a positive one. Head CT scan is the commonest diagnostic imaging used in suspected cases of SAH. Not only is the test one which is easy to arrange and quick to perform it also gives clear and concise data on the extent of damage, if any to the brain. In cases where CT brain appears normal a lumbar puncture would be the next test as in some cases blood can be detected in the spinal fluid obtained during the test.

There are varying types of symptoms of a subarachnoid hemorrhage however acute onset of severe headache is the most common. This is often associated with vomiting, and in serious cases coma occurs soon after the cerebral aneurism has ruptured. Surgery is one option in the treatment of SAH, if the hemorrhage is due to an injury or ruptured aneurysm. If no blood clot or aneurysm is identified then medical management is the way forward. For some with extensive damage death is likely and despite treatment cannot be avoided. Where medical management is possible, treatment may be as follows:

Use of intravenous anti-hypertensives is preferable, as high blood pressure will undoubtedly exacerbate the problems and risks. Analgesia and anti-anxiety medications are also helpful to minimize pain and distress caused by the event. In many cases anti-seizure treatment such as ‘Phenytoin’ is given as patients can be at risk of seizures due to increased pressure in the brain. Bed rest to avoid exertion and subsequent pressure to the brain will be recommended. Avoidance of straining is also essential, and in most cases patients are given stool softeners and/or laxatives to assist bowel movements and avoid straining.

With treatment is ‘stroke’ prevention and therapy advancing all the time the outlook for those who suffer ischemic or subarachnoid episodes continues to improve. The key to all success where stroke is concerned is early diagnosis and subsequent treatment.